If you use alcohol as a way to numb your symptoms of anxiety, this can also make the symptoms worse down the line — due to the fact that you’re not learning how to cope with your emotions properly. Normally, your body cycles through light and deep phases of sleep. Alcohol inhibits refreshing REM (rapid eye movement) sleep and later on causes “REM rebound,” with nightmares and trouble sleeping. Alcohol interferes with normal brain activity, no matter how you feel when you drink.
Although having a few drinks before bed could help you fall asleep quicker, never presume you’ll sleep better. After drinking, you could feel not only a hangover but also nauseous and struggle to sleep well due to the impact of alcohol on deep rest. Following these changes, low alcohol consumption offered no advantage to those over 55 and grew heart disease danger by 44% for those under 55. Although moderate drinking may have positives for specific illnesses, its verified damage, especially myths about alcoholism in cancer, might exceed these advantages. Higher tolerance can lead to higher levels of drinking, which can have negative health effects.
Measures assessed explicit rather than implicit attitudes (Bos et al., 2013), which have been shown to reduce more following anti-stigma interventions (Maunder & White, 2019). Whether self-reported behavioural intentions would translate to actual behaviour is therefore unclear. Further, reduced intervention impact at follow-up and changes in control group stigma suggest social desirability bias may have influenced results. This study was a quasi-randomised controlled pilot trial of parallel groups (three anti-stigma interventions and a control) with repeated stigma measurement at pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Participants were recruited and paid through the online crowd-sourcing platform Prolific. Inclusion criteria were 18 + , English-speaking, living in the UK and consenting to take part.
As differences between time points and intervention groups were not consistent, as shown by Fig. 2b (SDS), neither a main effect of time nor group on mean stigma appears present. Where a significant interaction effect was present, simple main effects through pairwise comparisons were calculated to explore how each group was differentially effective at each level of time. A Greenhouse Geisser correction was used for multiple comparisons. For each measure, a two-way mixed ANOVA was conducted with video condition (EV, CV, CombV, CtrlV) and time (pre-test, post-test, follow-up) as between- and within-subject factors respectively.
When it comes to alcohol, the line between fiction and fact is often blurry. Whether it’s at a party with friends or through pop culture references, there are quite a few things about drinking alcohol that get misconstrued. Sure, coffee has caffeine in it, and caffeine makes you more alert. A 2019 study of alcohol use in England found that people in professional managerial jobs had more occasions to drink than manual workers, casual workers, and unemployed people.
We thank those with personal or professional experience of AUD who helped develop the interventions for their contribution to the study. The interventions’ acceptability was limited by their perceived relevance to participants (50–60%) and participants’ willingness to watch them in their own time (41–48%). Additionally, while most felt interventions were the right length (66–94%), qualitative feedback (especially for the CombV) recommended shortening them.